A biennial plant of the celery family. Wild carrot is the progenitor of the popular root vegetable. Wild carrots are also edible and there are various cosmetics and medicines made from their seeds. Wild, non-cultivar seeds.
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Polish name: common carrot, wild carrot, bird’s nest
Latin name: Daucus carota L.
Family: the celeries Apiaceae (umbellifers Umbeliferae)
Status in Poland: native or established since Ancient history, very common
Wild carrot is a biennial plant with erect, hollow, branchedshoots, di- or tripinnate leaves, and white umbels with involucres. The stem is furrowed and harshly hairy.
Leaves di- or tripinnatisect, linear.
The flowersare inconspicuous, clustered at the top of the plant in umbels, with pinnate corymbs and tripartite involucres. Single carrot umbels are characterized by quite long stalks, which makes the entire inflorescence concave like a bird’s nest (hence the folk name for wild forms). The middle flower in the umbel is dark purple, the rest are white.
The fruit in the form of schizocarp composed of two single-seed mericarps. Seeds spherical, blackish, orthodox-type with TSW 0,75-1,2 g. Germination rate varies from 19 to 27%.
The forage and vegetable forms have a very characteristic storage root, usually orange less often purple, violet or black. Wild carrots have thin, cream or white roots.
Wild carrots are even less demanding than noble forms, they can withstand drought and cold. It prefers slightly acidic (pH 6-6.5) sandy soils, grows poorly in fresh and calcium-rich soils.
In a temperate climate, in the first year of vegetation the plant develops a rosette and a thick root. In the second year, a stem with an inflorescence grows out of the root, the plant produces seeds using the food materials contained in the root, and it dies.
Wild carrot seeds are widely used in cosmetics. Oils extracted from Daucus carota protect the skin against contaminated air, delay aging, accelerate the disappearance of boils, scars, blisters after burns and stings, psoriasis, etc., soothe, lubricate, and inhibit excessive sebum production.
Nice melliferous species, the nectar is in the torus.
Wild carrot is eagerly sown in bee pastures and butterfly gardens.